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In summary, we conclude that adding a certain amount of a main group element to a transition metal implies a decreased interaction of the new material with the metastable diamond suppressing carbide formation or graphitization, respectively.
The shift in the absorption edge to smaller photon energy implies a decreased energy level in the conduction band, and consequent narrowing band gap energy (Asahi et al. 2001; Irie et al. 2003; Ihara et al. 2003).
Decreasing value of τ, implies a decreased SNR through amplitude noise amplification.
However, these authors do not take into account the time variation of the risk function, due to the compensating change (i.e. that the increased mortality due to a pollution peak now implies a decreased mortality at a later time).
Like in second-order schedules [ 73], this cue-induced secondary reward may sustain continued responding in the LLL hole, even though this implies a decreased overall foraging in the long term [ 34, 36, 38].
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In both cases, stock prices increase with higher market liquidity, thus implying a decreased cost of equity capital.
Decreased skin thickness in amphibian skin usually goes along with a decreased amount of epidermal cell layers which would imply a decreased passage length for diffusing test compounds across this skin layer [17].
The early clinical sign of this orthopedic effect is the appearance of a diastema between the upper central incisors (da Silva et al. [[3]]), implying a decreased opacity between the two halves of the maxillary bones on occlusal radiographs [[10]].
Electron microscopic analysis revealed normal fenestration of the sinusoidal endothelial cells without detectable deposition of basement membrane material, but both the width of the space of Disse and the length and number of hepatic microvilli were significantly reduced, implying a decreased flow of fluid in the space of Disse.
No considerable change in the Km, a decreased Kcat and a drastically reduced Kcat/Km ratio of a mere 0.0000204 µM−1 mimplyimply a decreased efficiency and differences in enzymatic catalysis by this mutant, suggesting the possibility of a decreased stability of the transition state.
The above data imply a decreased antioxidant capacity in the LPS treated astrocytes.
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