Patrick Marber said that he liked the title Closer, which he took from a Joy Division album, because it implied motion.
The first generation of omni-directional M-mode echocardiography system is able to extract implied motion information from sequential echocardiography images.
In the static trials of all sessions, the figure depicted a standing human character without implied motion features.
The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and neural correlates of perception of implied motion, by presenting 260 pictures of human actions differing in degrees of dynamism and muscular exertion.
Although not large (Cohen's d = 0.18), these effects are impressive considering that within subjects the pictures for each trial type (left-moving vs. right-moving) were the same in every respect other than the direction of implied motion.
All the emotional and neutral movement stimuli represented a whole-body movement with a clear involvement of upper limbs (implied motion stimuli).
This suggests that, at this stage, our measure of motor excitability is not sensitive to small differences in perceived implied motion and instead reflects a coarse categorization of the observed body posture as a dynamic or static body configuration.
It should be noted, however, that fearful expressions received slightly lower implied motion ratings than happy or neutral movements, whereas motor facilitation was statistically comparable in the three dynamic conditions.
Many of the established findings come from studies of static faces, which manifest implied motion, but do not allow the visual system to represent naturalistic movement trajectories, which unfold over time.
However, in this study, implied motion was induced by presenting stimuli at five positions, with interstimulus intervals of 250 ms each, resulting in an overall presentation time of 2,500 ms.
