Her PhD project focuses on the meaning of justice for people who have been subjected to sexual violence and its implications for different justice strategies.
However, this can have worrying implications for the justice system.
Raine has spent three decades researching a subject that may have serious implications for criminal justice and crime prevention.
Many feel it has cast a shadow across their country, not because of the implications for its justice system, but because the cleric links Jordan with extremism.
The findings of the research are discussed concerning implications for environmental justice, planning and management of urban ecosystems.
"This is a serious issue with major implications for our justice system," says committee member Elizabeth Phelps, a psychologist at New York University in New York City.
But to treat cop misconduct as a crime is still a rarity in America, one with broad implications for criminal justice as voters weigh at least one major-party presidential candidate who seems to think police are under unprecedented attack.
"This has significant implications for the justice research community that relies on this trusted information for a broad range of research activists, including evaluation and assessment of trends in crime, arrests, clearance rates and related matters," he wrote.
Its one flaw, however, is that it does not adequately recognize that many of the policies it criticizes, with 50 years of hindsight, were well-intentioned at the time - and, their implications for criminal justice aside, did a great deal of good.
Finally, biomonitoring has implications for environmental justice.
