During period 2 (2011 calendar year), the intervention was implemented in unit A; patients transferred from another unit or hospital were screened selectively.
Targeted screening for 3GC-RE at patient admission was implemented in unit A. During this period, unit B maintained universal screening for 3GC-RE at patient admission.
Using a prospective cohort comparative design with repeated measures, EPIQ was implemented in 16 units, while 16 units continued with SC.
Most were implemented in single units or departments within a hospital, rather than hospital wide.
When implemented in dialysis units, Explore Transplant has been shown to increase dialysis patients' pursuit of DDKT and LDKT [ 40].
Although we could detect circulating HBV in a small number of HBsAg negative patients, the low levels of circulating HBV DNA we detected in our cohort are unlikely to pose a real risk of nosocomial transmission in clinical practice based on following universal precautions, and particularly if a robust HBV vaccination programme is implemented in haemodialysis units.
This may be explained by the fact that both pain and sedation assessment using validated scales had been formally implemented in both units, by the greater emphasis on delirium as the focus of the educational intervention, and by the challenges of evaluating pain in the ICU.
"We have meetings every 2 months and we decide what should be bought, or what equipment or what techniques should be implemented in the unit, and if the unit is working properly," Moreno says.
Computerised physician order entry, a clinical decision support system, unit dose, or other pharmaceutical services were not yet implemented in this unit.
On the other hand, it is necessary to consider that patients sometimes need to be transferred from one ward to another, which can make it difficult to allocate CVC-ABSIs to a specific unit, and the results of one ward could show the effect of measures of prevention implemented in another unit [ 13, 20].
