These ambiguous results highlight the importance of a standardized testing which was also implemented in the present study design [69].
CA, TJ, LY designed and implemented the study design, and participated in the recruitment, interviewing and analysis of data.
MVKD participated in the study design, implemented immunological requirements and reviewed the manuscript.
QL, LZ, WL conceived the study, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; YS, HS, GL, JS participated in the study design, implemented the field investigation and performed DST tests; YZ, CZ and CC participated in the study design and helped draft the manuscript.
QL, HW, WX conceived the study, carried out the molecular genetic studies, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; DY, YS, HS, GL participated in the study design, implemented the field investigation and performed DST tests; BL and YD participated in the genotyping analysis.
Within the intervention study three different interventions will be implemented in the surgical wards as described in the study design.
It also provides the justification for judging the internal validity of clinical trials according to how well bias-controlling measures are implemented in their study designs; i.e. in line with an evidence-hierarchy [ 37].
Thus, further efforts to improve implementation and adherence rates of workplace intervention studies in job groups with low socio-economic resources and among workers with low influence on work schedules should be implemented in future study designs.
9 In addition to identification and quantification of predictive factors for PK, these models can be implemented in study design optimization 10 to minimize sampling necessary for PK, to reduce the number of subjects needed to undergo these evaluations, improving information obtained from clinical trials.
Examples are provided from the authors' own laboratory where the three Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement) have been implemented in the design of experimental infection studies with BTV in mice and goats.
