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The non-negative constraint of solution is implemented by variable substitution, and then the modified objective function is solved by the Levenberg Marquardt method.
In order to do this, we used an ensemble machine-learning method implemented by variable elimination using random forests.
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It is implemented by using variable structure control.
Despite a nonlinear model of the PEM fuel cell stack system will be used, consistency relations that are easily implemented by a variable back substitution method will be selected.
In this technique, the core elements are responsible to refer to abstract classes or interfaces that must be implemented by the variable features.
In QoS-Fi, the QoS provisioning mechanism is implemented by using variable length signatures, where the longer length a signature has, the higher a QoS priority it becomes.
Recall that in QoS-Fi, the QoS provisioning mechanism is implemented by using variable length signatures, where the longer length a signature has, the higher a QoS priority it becomes.
When the actual scenario (1995 2008) is implemented by updating exogenous variables or forcing inputs and introducing the potential (virtual) population increase, as derived from the plans, the model is able to predict the whole set of 1995 2008 observed data series with no further calibration against data.
This is implemented by transforming each indicator variable using the following formula: D i * = (D i − D z × p i /p z ), where D i is the standard 0/1 indicator variable for category i for a particular individual, D z is the standard 0/1 indicator variable for the omitted category and p i /p z is the population share of category i relative to that for the omitted population group.
After that, the numerical shape-optimization process is implemented by selecting eight design variables and a new objective function including all important coupling errors.
This self-consistent adjoint analysis is implemented by splitting the complex variables of the wave equations into the corresponding real parts and imaginary parts, sequentially substituting the split complex variables into the wave equations with deriving the coupled equations equivalent to the original wave equations, where the infinite free space is truncated by the perfectly matched layers.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com