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Nevertheless, we assume the polarization-independent form of Eq. (1) for simplicity, though the light scattering calculations are implemented assuming non-spherical dust shapes.
Traditionally, security is viewed as an independent feature addressed above the physical layer, and all widely used cryptographic protocols are designed and implemented assuming the physical layer has already been established and provides an error-free link.
The Yule speciation process was implemented assuming a constant speciation rate per lineage as tree prior.
A projection of the results to the total number of in-patients in Germany for the years 2003 to 2007 is implemented assuming the representativity of both the patients with a normal LOS and the hospital sample.
is commonly implemented assuming an IID (across sites in the alignment) and Markov process for DNA substitution, leading to a model that has a continuous-time Markov chain at its core (see Semple and Steel [ 2] for an introduction to the mathematics underlying modern phylogenetic methodology).
This was implemented assuming the following dependence of the noise-amplitude σ on the oxygen tension pO2 : (1) where σ0 denotes the fluctuation strength in stem cell states and f is a Hill function approaching 0 and 1 at low and high pO2, respectively.
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Multiple Imputation as usually implemented assumes that data are Missing At Random (MAR), meaning that the underlying missing data mechanism, given the observed data, is independent of the unobserved data.
Such a program, as we have seen, is implemented by assuming only the existence of wave functions, and by proposing a unified dynamics that governs both microscopic processes and 'measurements'measurements
In this context, stochastic optimization has been implemented by assuming that the statistics of the energy processes are known and that past observations can correct the energy forecasts [13 15].
To confirm this pair photon production, a further mathematical modeling has been implemented by assuming the creation of pair electron into a bound ionic state (e+e−) which is employed by two approaches (i) the equivalent photon approximation, and (ii) the first order perturbation and multipole expansion of wave functions.
Reverberation limitation is implemented by assuming an associated inhibitory neuron can classify inputs as being intra-layer or inter-layer and gate an output collateral accordingly.
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