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To evaluate this contrast, we implemented a likelihood ratio test comparing the log-likelihood of best-fit model above with the best log-likelihood of a null model, in which ω_2 is fixed to 1, using a χ distribution with one degree of freedom (Zhang et al. 2005).
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We compared BBM results to results from Lagrange, which implements a likelihood method and the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis (DEC) model [ 81].
MPP was also used to implement a likelihood approach with Neighbor-Joining to compensate for the single reference design (Additional File 1: table S1E).
In this paper, I implement a likelihood ratio test of variable species divergence times over the genome, which may be considered a test of the null model of allopatric speciation without gene flow against the alternative model of parapatric speciation with gene flow.
We implemented a maximum likelihood model that permits variable turnover rates in different parts of the species tree.
Indeed, Yang (2002) implemented a maximum likelihood method for the case of three species under the simple allopatric speciation model (fig. 1).
We obtained A. thaliana gene families from PLAZA 1.0 (Proost et al. 2009) and implemented a maximum likelihood (ML) analysis for every gene family by RAxML v.7.0.0 with an amino acid substitution matrix WAG and gamma-distributed rate variation (Stamatakis 2006).
Using this approach, we have derived and implemented a maximum-likelihood estimator of the average number of mismatches per site between two closely related sequences, π.
We implemented a restricted maximum likelihood (REML) approach using R (http://www.r-project.org/) programming language to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the model parameters [ 16].
To circumvent this assumption, SNPMStat implements a maximum likelihood (ML) approach to integrate genotype imputation and association simultaneously.
HAPLIN handles incomplete triads by implementing a maximum likelihood model and by using the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to impute missing triads.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com