This is important because the increasingly competitive nature of health research funding in Australia means that evaluation and implementation scientists face significant hurdles to fund their research, which relies on complex methods and is not always amenable to randomised controlled trials.
Using individual interviews and participant observation, the research described here characterizes key contextual factors affecting how implementation scientists in one large health care organization approach and conduct their research.
The first approach, used by some implementation scientists, suggests a wider use of theory in implementation research; the second approach, used by others, represents a pragmatic and empirical approach to implementation science.
The first two steps -development and EMR integration necessitated a multidisciplinary approach, including statistical consultants, EMR technology development experts, implementation scientists, clinical faculty, and patients.
As noted by implementation scientist expert Dean Fixsen, "…implementation frameworks are not an end point, but a new beginning for expansion of knowledge related to implementation best practices, science, and policy" (http://nirn.fpg.unc.edu/about-nirn/our-approach).
By systematically studying the sociotechnical system, the implementation scientist can rationally choose interventions that accelerate improvement, limit resource expenditure and optimise the sociotechnical fit.
40 42 These trial investigators include clinical psychologists, an implementation scientist, and an expert opinion leader in the field of head and neck dietetic care, and author of the Evidence-based practice guidelines for the nutritional management of adult patients with head and neck cancer.
The use of these multidisciplinary methods will help conservation scientists to better connect theory to the on-ground design and implementation of effective measures to protect biodiversity.
In total, 11 visits of LECOTOX scientists to partnering institutions and ten return visits were organised during implementation of the projects.
The failure of scientists to deploy scientific data effectively in order to influence agro-environment policy implementation was attributed to an ineffective linear transfer of knowledge approach.
