In South Africa, a national assessment of district management structures, competencies, and training programmes found several shortcomings, including incomplete restructuring initiatives, over-extended staff, sub-optimal implementation of policies, and gaps in management competencies (21).
Its objectives are to explore currently available statistical information on out of school children (OOSC), identify factors that contribute to exclusion from schooling, and examine existing policies that are effective in enhancing participation as well as the gaps in policy and in the implementation of policies and programmes.
"We have seen poor implementation of policy and a lack of a coherent, strategic vision".
However the implementation of government policies and plans in the development of health institutions, human resources, accessibility and availability, resource distribution, rural-urban disparity, the male-female gap has put the health system in a dismal state.
Public policy involves the opening of 'policy windows', the development of policies, and their implementation and evolution.
Several findings from this study have implications for the implementation of policy initiatives under the Council of Australian Government National Partnership Agreement on Closing the Gap in Indigenous health outcomes (COAG NPA).
Deven Ghelani works independently through Policy in Practice and the Welfare Reform Club to support implementation of policy reforms.
In the majority of countries, there is a gap between policy makers' recognition of a national chronic disease burden and the development and implementation of chronic disease policies and plans.
Data from primary health insurance claims from January 2013 to December 2015, were analysed using an extension of 'Kingdon's multiple streams for policy implementation framework' to explain the implementation gap between policy and practice of the MDR-TB benefit packages.
