There is also a need for the implementation of packages of care that combine evidence-based treatments for multiple mental disorders rather than stand-alone interventions for single disorders [ 8].
CHWs have been promoted for implementation of packages of interventions to reduce neonatal mortality such as antenatal home visits, promotion of immediate and exclusive breastfeeding, skin-to-skin care, appropriate care of the skin and umbilical stump [ 3- 6], and recognition and treatment with antibiotics of sick newborns [ 7- 10].
VCHWs have been promoted in the implementation of packages of interventions aimed at reducing neonatal mortality, such as antenatal home visits, promotion of immediate and exclusive breastfeeding, skin-to-skin care, appropriate care of the skin and umbilical stump, and recognition of sick newborns and treatment with antibiotics [ 3, 4].
Todd Harper, the chief executive of the Cancer Council Victoria, said the implementation of plain packaging on a global scale was "the worst nightmare of the tobacco industry".
Responding to the BMJ Open study, a spokesperson for the Tobacco Manufacturers Associationn said: "The comprehensive KPMG report published earlier this year, clearly shows a significant increase in illicit tobacco across Australia since the implementation of plain packaging.
"The comprehensive KPMG report published earlier this year, clearly shows a significant increase in illicit tobacco across Australia since the implementation of plain packaging, costing the Australian Treasury around A$1bn in lost taxes.
Future studies could monitor the extent to which tobacco companies alter brand names and the use of brand descriptors following implementation of plain packaging regulations in Australia.
Most importantly, research must be conducted on youth smoking rates in the years following the implementation of standardised packaging to determine the real-world impact of legislation on young people and smoking initiation.
A design and an implementation of a software package which incorporates these methods into the computer algebra system Maple are described in detail.
We thank Jackson Chen, Jai Ram Rideout, Daniel McDonald, William Van Treuren, Jose Antonio Navas-Molina, Nicholas A. Bokulich, Adam Robbins-Pianka Robbins-Pianka and Greg Caporasond usefor discussion regarding the design and implementation ofeedbackftwand package.
