In recent decades, the field of medical equipment and the promotion of medical and economic potential have received attention in terms of detecting the increase in the efficiency of health systems as well as rapid progress in the development and implementation of new knowledge from science and research.
Which factors do practitioners identify as hindering the implementation of new knowledge and clinical guidelines?
Efficient strategies need to be developed that address barriers to the implementation of new knowledge and findings from research.
However, no strategies have been identified which, in all circumstances, will result in a successful implementation of new knowledge or in the desired behavioral changes [ 46, 47].
What is considered normal can be a source of resilience, but also a barrier for the acquisition or implementation of new knowledge.
However, the culture and attitude on the individual wards may influence the implementation of new knowledge and the wards should therefore focus on improved teamwork.
While earlier studies suggest that learning, in this case implementation of new knowledge, is a process related primarily to the individual [ 22], more recent studies suggest that context plays an important role [ 23].
The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework posits (1) strong evidence, (2) context in terms of coping with change, and (3) facilitation as elements influencing successful implementation of new knowledge [ 1].
Beyond the main practical barriers frequently evoked in the field of KT, these three issues raised questions about the possible measures which would have a real impact on the implementation of new knowledge in healthcare.
Dijkstra (2006) synthesized some barriers and facilitators, as well as interventions, to improve the implementation of new knowledge, identifying that they depend, basically, on factors associated to the professionals, the organisation they work for and their management policies [ 6].
