We propose that whenever change is executed from the top down, the less loyal line manager will have more room to reduce the demands put on employees by being more selective about when and how to implement directives from top management.
When the time limit for implementing directives passes, they may, under certain conditions, have direct effect in national law against member states.
Its citizens can live and work across the EU, and it is assiduous about implementing directives from Brussels.
On 31 October 2003 the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 20031 ("the Regulations"), which implement EC Directive 2001/29/EC on the Harmonisation of Certain Aspects of Copyright in the Information Society ("the Directive"), came into force.
All EU member states must implement the directive, although they can do so in differing ways.
Germany, the most populous of the EU's 28 nations, did not implement the directive amid court challenges and domestic political differences.
EU member states are obliged to implement the directive, including a 14-day cooling off period with an absolute ban on processing payments during this time.
He called on Lima to "implement a directive that makes clear that the misuse of state resources for electoral advantage will be severely sanctioned" and to "investigate reports of harassment of opposition candidates and domestic election monitors and take action against those responsible".
Since Neelie Kroes's "Yes to open data" speech, a year ago last week, there has been a great deal of activity and interest in this area - from participation in open data camps and competitions, to announcing open data portals for European institutions and member states, to pursuing legal action against countries who have failed to implement the Directive.
The directive also bars the export of data to countries that do not have comparably stringent protections.Most EU countries have yet to pass the domestic laws needed to implement the directive, so it is difficult to say how it will work in practice.
This biota concept is currently under revision to implement European Directive 2013/39/EU [4].
