To bring Nippon Professional Baseball more in line with Major League Baseball and other international sports organizations, Yamazaki said, management standards must be improved to include more transparency, more democratic decision-making and an impartial dispute resolution process.
An essential element of an effective grievance system is the opportunity to present complaints to an unbiased, impartial arbitrator for resolution.
"I have concluded that it is not the case that a fair-minded lay observer might apprehend that I might not bring an impartial mind to the resolution of the questions which the work of the commission requires to be decided," Heydon said.
The union applications had sought to rely on the legal test, in a 2000 case, that "a judge is disqualified if a fair-minded lay observer might reasonably apprehend that the judge might not bring an impartial mind to the resolution of the question the judge is required to decide".
"I have concluded that it is not the case that a fair-minded lay observer might apprehend that I might not bring an impartial mind to the resolution of the questions which the work of the commission requires to be decided," he said.
Once the complaint is received the BBB acts as an impartial mediator and provides access to dispute resolution tools in order to resolve the complaint.
Australian prime minister Tony Abbott, whose country lost 28 lives in the disaster, dispatched foreign minister Julie Bishop to New York to lobby for a binding UN resolution for a "full and impartial" investigation.
Despite a lapse of half a century, the Kashmiri people still await the redemption of the solemn pledge made to them by India and the United Nations Security Council resolution that calls for holding an impartial plebiscite under the United Nations' auspices.
Arbitrations are private, alternative dispute resolutions that are heard by an impartial arbitrator who reviews the evidence in the case and imposes a decision that is legally binding on both sides and enforceable in the courts.
Some Uzbeks discuss guerrilla resistance.In such an environment, the only hope for reconciliation may rest in an impartial investigation, says Nazira Satyvaldiyeva, an Osh-based expert in conflict resolution.
