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Impaired GFR may reflect loss of nephrons and parenchymal fibrosis that leads to CVD through accumulation of uremic toxins, impaired volume and blood pressure regulation, and multiple metabolic abnormalities.
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We recently showed that adding more volume in our model of sepsis leads to similar pressures [ 35] and that mitochondrial function is also impaired by volume [ 36].
As anticipated based on the gross findings, intrapleural administration of S. pneumoniae significantly impaired lung volume (p < 0.05) and lung function; compliance (p < 0.05) by 7 days (Fig. 2c).
High molecular weight dextrans were used to avoid dye leakage into adjacent astrocytes, which tends to dim the cell over time and impair volume analysis.
OHS had significantly impaired lung volumes.
The decrease of intracellular K+ under a critical threshold definitively impairs the volume regulatory systems and leads to a sudden increase of hepatocytes volume, with osmotic lysis and death of hepatocytes [ 35].
Herein lies a major problem with present guidelines: They cannot distinguish the underlying causes of impaired LV stroke volume leading to impaired cardiac output.
Cell wall ductility and toughness are impaired by high volume fractions of coarse eutectic, fine oxide films and large brittle particles, all of which were present in one or more of the foams studied.
The reduction in chitinase production under SmF conditions may be due to change in particle structure, reduction of gas volume, impaired oxygen transfer, and decreased diffusion (Babu and Satyanarayana 1996).
An abnormal choroidal blood volume, impaired photoreceptor function, and/or even a loss of blood flow can lead to injury [ 14].
When CO2 elimination is impaired by tidal volume reduction, the CO2-laden gas present at end expiration in the physiological dead space is readministered to the patient at the beginning of the following inspiration.
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