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MC is the first dynamic aphasic case with concurrent deficits in three mechanisms thought crucial for conceptual preparation processes; namely impaired selection, impaired generation of ideas and impaired fluent sequencing of novel thoughts.
Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often present with deficits in episodic memory, and there is evidence that these difficulties may be secondary to executive dysfunction, that is, impaired selection and/or application of memory-encoding strategies (mediation hypothesis).
Impaired selection of invariant natural killer T cells was also observed in this same study [22].
By very extensive analyses using various TCR-Tg mouse models and systems, the authors suggested that the developmental defect could not be attributed to the impaired selection, cell survival, and thymic egress.
To supplement this finding, a separate experiment performed by the same group found that inhibiting DS by GABA infusions during the test phase impaired selection performance compared to the control (i.e., saline-infused) rats, even though both groups had previously shown identical learning of the odor cue-reward associations during the learning period.
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We reasoned that B cell lymphopenia might lead to increased BAFF levels and impaired negative selection.
The reporter activity of LS/L cells infected with the EdTP virus was similarly impaired after selection with puromycin (Fig. 3B, bottom left, compare "−" with "+") and Wnt signaling was equally inhibited in HEK293A cells (Fig. 3B, bottom right, compare "Mock" with "EdTP").
Cdc42-deficient mice display impaired positive selection and homeostasis of T cells (Guo et al., 2010, 2011).
Itk-/ mice show impaired positive selection of CD4+ T-cells and it was suggested that Itk modulates signaling thresholds during T-cell development [ 3- 5].
In contrast, impaired negative selection of CD8+ T cells was suggested by increased numbers of CD8lo thymocytes, indicative of mutant H-Y specific cells that have escaped negative selection, as well as by increased double positive thymocytes.
Impaired positive selection was observed in skg/skg DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice, as well as in skg/skg female H-Y TCR transgenic mice, whereas impaired negative selection of H-Y specific CD8+ T cells was demonstrated in male H-Y TCR transgenic skg/skg mice, when compared with H-Y TCR transgenic littermates.
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