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Isolated impaired diffusion capacity was defined by a diffusion capacity < 80% of predicted, in the absence of obstruction or restriction.
Hence, lack of functional capillaries as well as impaired diffusion implicate significant tissue malnutrition and chronic hypoxia in SSc patients.
Indirect correlation of oxygen levels with dermal thickness supports the concepts of impaired diffusion due to accumulation of extracellular matrix in lesional skin of SSc patients.
Interestingly, the mutant also markedly impaired diffusion within the GLFG gel and, thus, locked the gel in a non-dynamic, 'frozen' state.
A small study looking at the pulmonary outcome in JDM found that, on follow-up, JDM patients had smaller lung volumes than controls, and that 75% had impaired diffusion, restriction or an HRCT abnormality [ 30].
Damage to vascularisation and impaired diffusion into the lumen due to reaming and intramedullary nailing may prevent systemic antibiotics from reaching the bone and surrounding tissue in concentrations high enough for an effective bactericidal action [ 17].
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Elevated central venous pressure in congestive heart failure is transmitted to the hepatic veins and to the venules draining hepatic acini, and these increased pressures can result in atrophy of hepatocytes and perisinusoidal edema that impairs diffusion of oxygen and nutrients [10,11].
The progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagens, fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans [ 52] increases distances between cells and their supplying vessels and may impair diffusion.
As shown in this study by modelling impaired diffusivity, more than 100-fold lowered diffusion coefficients were required to maintain spatial anisotropies during apoptosis execution in the reference scenario.
Nevertheless, impaired oxygen diffusion within a 3D scaffold hinders the wide use of scaffold for islet cell expansion.
The distinctive features of CPFE include cigarette smoking, severe dyspnea, hypoxemia at exercise, subnormal spirometry findings, and severely impaired lung diffusion capacity [ 1, 2].
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