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Grand Challenges are complex problems with broad impact that require a concerted effort of diverse perspectives and skills to resolve.
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Based on this conceptual interpretation of zones that can be identified as critical are first of all the areas on which the forecasts of planning instruments affect natural or anthropogenic risks, secondarily the areas affected by factors such as land that can cause an impact that requires maintaining a certain distance from them.
The stacked bars show the total number of participants who either agreed that this is a likely impact that requires planning, disagreed that this is a likely impact that requires planning or did not identify the potential health impact during the interview.
Legacy IT, to be sure, is just one part of the airline puzzle, but it has enterprise and customer service impacts that require distinctive leadership and C-suite problem-solving skills.
But there were mothers and fathers in our study who reported mental health impacts that required long-term management.
A diverse range of comparisons was used by interviewees including the introduction of the minimum wage in the UK, infectious disease modelling in relation to outbreaks (specifically pandemics), regulatory impact assessments (that require potential impacts of policy to be assessed in advance of implementation) and modelling the obesity burden.
The more people there are, the more greenhouse gases flow into the atmosphere, and the greater the impacts on wildlife that require specific temperature ranges.
Seasonality clearly impacts environmental studies that require year-round or summer assessment.
Tier 1 (abridged) consultations involve questions not fully addressed by existing resources, but not so complex or broad in scope or impact that they require the input of the full Committee.
Whereas body art is unlikely to have much impact on one's employability in "behind-the-scenes" jobs, it is very likely to have a huge impact for those roles that require regular customer interaction.
It is not only funding agencies that require impact information but also research organisations such as universities.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com