At a United Nations negotiation in Bonn, Germany, in 2009, however, a Venezuelan official said that a shift to a low-carbon economy would adversely impact developing country oil exporters, suggesting that a robust climate change treaty would conflict with Venezuela's development model.
The developed nations are no longer insulated from the economic shockwaves impacting developing countries, as globalisation and economic integration have also amplified the transmission effects to the West through immigration flows, cross-border crime and the proliferation of international terrorism.
"Only a few impact assessments include an external dimension and the scope of the analysis is often restricted". Between 2009 and 2011, only seven out of 164 impact assessments looked at the impact on developing countries even though 77 were potentially relevant to them, the DAC said.
As part of this process, the EU "seeks to minimise contradictions and to build synergies between policies other than development cooperation that have an impact on developing countries, for the benefit of overseas development".
These will all have more impact on developing countries than gatherings of the "development set" at World Bank meetings, the UN general assembly or the Busan forum on aid effectiveness.
The IP rules governing innovations for development greatly affect the impact in developing countries.
COOL of main ingredients can have a positive impact on developing countries if specific ingredients are not available in developed countries; otherwise, the effect would be negative because the production standards in developing countries are low or not trusted.
Two studies showed the positive impact of strong national patent laws in developed countries, but showed a negative impact in developing countries [ 65, 66] while another study revealed the converse results [ 67].
It therefore has a significant economic impact upon developing countries.
