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For these reasons standard tests such as the Daphnia acute immobilisation test or the algal growth inhibition test, which are required for the REACH registration, might provide insufficient results and are thereby often not appropriate for a realistic risk assessment.
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For all the nanomaterials and immobilisation techniques tested only bioelectrocatalysis from CYTCDH was observed.
We found a significant difference in time to pregnancy in favour of immobilisation (log rank test, P=0.026).
25 Opinion differed about trial immobilisation with a pantaloon cast: 40% of the respondents agreed that it is a valuable test and 36% disagreed.
The chemical groups on quartz surface were further activated with gluteraldehyde (GA) and protein immobilisation properties were checked with test antibody (anti-aflatoxin B1) in liquid phase quartz crystal microbalance system.
In the present experiment, we studied how previous exposure to a severe stressor (2 h of immobilisation, IMO, 5 days before testing) and repeated exposure to the same novel environment (a holeboard, HB) altered behavioral and HPA response to the HB.
In order to test this hypothesis, acute (immobilisation) and chronic (life-history) responses of Daphnia longispina and Daphnia magna, reared at different food levels (low, normal, and high), were assessed in laboratorial exposures to several concentrations of lindane.
To determine statistical significance in induction, immobilisation, and recovery times, paired t-tests were performed for the six pair-wise comparisons (P1 versus P2, P1 versus P3A, P1 versus P3B, P2 versus P3B, P2 versus P3B and P3A versus P3B).
All bears appeared clinically healthy as determined by clinical examination during immobilisation.
Complete reports of animal studies should be provided and include, at a minimum: 1) the purpose of the study; 2) the rationale for the animal model; 3) detailed methods; 4) the period of immobilisation; 5) gait analysis reports; 6) all tested parameters from bullet point two (page 90); and 7) pathological, histological and radiological evaluations.
To test this hypothesis we investigated the effects of joint immobilisation on protease expression and the course of disease in mice with surgically induced OA.
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