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water immersion restraint stress.
There are various types of stress, including immobilization/restraint stress, water immersion restraint stress and cold stress.
There are few research studies available about the faecal microbiota changes after stress, such as water immersion restraint stress (WIRS).
Water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) is one of the most widely used models to discover gastric mucosal damage in animals (Jaggi et al. 2011) Stress response occurs via the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal system (Ohta et al. 2009).
Recently, molecules downstream of elevated plasma corticosteroids have been explored using water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) as a stressor [ 37].
Water immersion restraint (WIR), a model that mimics the clinical acute gastric hemorrhage and ulceration, has been widely accepted for studying stress-related gastric mucosal injury [ 6, 7].
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sesamol on water immersion restraint- (WIR-) induced SRMD in rats.
In the present study, we examined this possibility in mice subjected to water-immersion restraint stress (WIR).
However, gastric mucosal lesions developed in rats subjected to water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS) for 3.5 hours.
Gastric accumulation of neutrophils as well as gastric mucosal injury were significantly less in female rats than in male rats subjected to water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS).
The water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS) significantly increased the activities of XO + XD by 76% (P = 0.003) compared to the non-stressed control.
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