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For example, ESAT6, an antigen that is secreted by Mtb and inducer of macrophage apoptosis, was recently identified to activate the ER stress pathway [45].
Metformin has been recently identified to activate the DNA repair protein ATM kinase, and this pivotal mechanism dictates the responsiveness of type 2 diabetic patients to the glucose-lowering effects of metformin.
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Various alternative non-DSL type ligands have been identified to activate NOTCH, such as the adhesion molecule F3/Contactin (Hu et al., 2003), EGF-repeat factor DNER (Eiraku et al., 2005), EGF-like domain 7 (Schmidt et al., 2009), and Microfibrillar associated glycoproteins (MAGP) 1 and 2 (Miyamoto et al., 2006).
Many of the drugs identified to activate either wild-type or mutant p53 function arose from screening protocols using p53 sequence-specific binding and consequent reporter activation [19].
Lysophosphatidic acid was the first agonist identified to activate Rho.
37 LPA was the first agonist identified to activate Rho.
5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) was the first compound identified to activate AMPK.
NtcB, another member of TFs, was identified to activate nitrate assimilation [ 14].
So far, c-MYC (O'Donnell et al. 2005), E2F1 and 3 (Petrocca et al. 2008b), as well as STAT3 (Brock et al. 2009) have been identified to transcriptionally activate the miR-17 92 miR-17 92nd paralogous clusters, while p53 represses it (Yandet al. 2009).
Relative to 100 μM 8-pCPT-cAMP, the three hit compounds identified were able to activate the GUS reporter gene at levels between 58% and 77% at 50 μM (Fig. 3C).
Therefore, the second, subsequent objective of the investigation was to test the predication that the expressions of TRF1, TIN2, and POT1 could be regulated coordinately in human breast tissue cell lines by agents chosen to activate the identified transcription factors.
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