Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(49)
The high heritability of BD is well established; however, identified susceptibility genes have so far explained only a small proportion of the risk (McGuffin et al. 2003; Farmer et al. 2007; Gottesman et al. 2010).
Linkage analysis, high-throughput sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have also identified susceptibility genes in many NDs (Table 1) and promise to help unravel even more genes, novel loci and common genetic variants associated with the diverse collection of human NDs.
The identified susceptibility can be evaluated against the level of livelihood resilience (with the caveat of real limitations) comprising the following attributes: knowledge, information, and resource flows; participation in formal and informal decision-making processes; capabilities, agency, assets, and activities required for a means of living; social capital; and human rights.
For example, the NOD2 gene, which was the first identified susceptibility gene for Crohn disease [22], carries three susceptibility variants which account for most of the observed effects [23].
This hypothesis is strengthened by data from genetic association studies identifying CD susceptibility genes involved in innate immunity and bacterial recognition (NOD2/CARD15) [11], [11], and from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which identified susceptibility genes involved in autophagy (ATG16L1, IRGM) [4], [5] and the proinflammatory IL-23/Th17 IL-23/Th172].
c M. tuberculosis identified, susceptibility results not available.
Similar(11)
First, migraine is clinically and genetically heterogeneous making it notoriously difficult to identify susceptibility genes.
Several GWASs have been performed to identify susceptibility alleles associated with HCC.
This approach helps identify susceptibility by grouping locations or by measuring the variation between groups.
A candidate gene association study is a general approach to identify susceptibility genes.
Further, by identifying susceptibility genes and their pathways of action, it may be possible to identify previously unsuspected carcinogens.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com