What are the flaws of eyewitness identifications from crime scenes?
Evidence and witnesses able to make identifications from the dark, chaotic night were in short supply.
Family members were asked to make identifications from photos taken after bodies were recovered.
Relying on employee identifications from a manager at the scene, the authorities took three men into custody.
The year-by-year trends are based on party identifications from all national surveys conducted by The New York Times and CBS News and averaged by year.
Correction: October 19, 2003, Sunday An article last Sunday about Rodale, the publisher, included erroneous identifications from the company for the founders of Runner's World and Backpacker.
The accuracy of making identifications from dusted or latent prints, which are often smudged, distorted or fragmentary, has never been scientifically tested.
Dan McCoy of the Santa Ana, Calif., police department, which has had a face-recognition system for two years, said it was useless at making identifications from grainy store-surveillance videos.
"The truth is that the folks that we've scooped up have, on a number of occasions, multiple identifications from different countries," Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld said today at a briefing in Washington.
A picture caption on Wednesday with an obituary about Rob Grill, the lead singer of the rock group the Grass Roots, gave incorrect identifications from the Everett Collection archives for three of the four members shown.
The ruling instead allowed for a much more complete exploration of the factors involved in an identification "to preclude sufficiently unreliable identifications from being presented and to aid juries in weighing identification evidence".
