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The random matrix R is commonly constructed with elements independently and identically drawn from the Gaussian distribution.
(textbf {s}^{c}in mathbb {C}^{N_{t}}) is the transmitted signal independent and identically drawn from the MQAM constellation, where M is the constellation size, and the covariance matrix of s c is (sigma ^{2}_{textbf {s}^{c}}textbf {I}).
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We assume that at any time instant is identically independently drawn (i.i.d).i.d
Each of these second-generation cases infects xi other individuals, where the xi are independent and identically
The rows of the n × p matrix of errors, E, are assumed to be independent and identically distributed draws from a multivariate normal distribution.
It has a natural interpretation in diploid organisms, measuring the probability that the two copies of a locus in an individual, treated as independent and identically distributed draws from a population with a specified allele frequency distribution, are distinct.
It is assumed that the rows of matrix x are independent and identically distributed draws from a probability distribution with probability distribution function p (X ∣ θ), where θ is an unknown parameter.
The factorization was initialized by drawing dominant temporal responses at random using independent identically distributed coefficients (drawn as the absolute value of standard Gaussian, to which an offset of 0.1 is added to avoid initializing to values close to zero), and the corresponding time contributions were initialized using least square regression.
The entries of H c are represented as independent and identically distributed variables drawn from (mathcal {CN}left (0,frac {1}{N_{t}}right)).
To examine portability, a validation dataset utilized an identically derived cohort drawn from admissions to a second large New England hospital system ("hospital 2") in 2007-08.
(5) Since E is a full-rank 2×2 matrix with probability one for generic MIMO channels, in which each entry of the channel matrix is an independent and identically distributed random variable drawn from a continuous distribution, it has two eigenvectors that can be chosen as the precoder for the first user, hence yielding two distinct IA solutions.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com