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Table 4 Competences compared between the two universities in ICT use in the search and treatment of information University Module Bayeses factor Size of effect UPO ICT competence Online cartography 20.22 −.23 (−.36, −.1).
Pupils on average have a low to medium score on the developed ICT competence test.
Second, most studies are conducted from the perspective of self-perceived ICT competence.
A computer skills checklist was used to assess the ICT competence of the participants before training, after training, and at the 6-month follow-up assessment.
A sample of 378 pupils in 58 schools in Flanders (the Dutch speaking part of Belgium) completed a performance-based ICT competence test in order to measure their actual proficiency in retrieving and processing digital information, and in communicating through a computer.
For this reason and given that the lack of ICT competence is likely to induce refusal of CBA, in the following analysis we will treat PSTRE proficiency as a single outcome, without distinguishing between the two sources.
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This article helped clarify and delimit the framework of teachers' ICT competences.
Furthermore, the final model also indicates that parental ICT attitudes are related to primary school pupils' ICT competences.
Moreover, results show that girls have better technical ICT skills and higher-order ICT competences than boys.
Besides, this basic model of ICT competences should be a key element for teacher training in ICT.
Teachers' information and communication technology (ICT) competences are a key variable to integrate such resources into the teaching-learning process.
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