The vacillating nature of the ice front in simulation makes quantitative measurement of the curvature difficult, however we find good qualitative agreement between theoretical Gibbs Thomson curvature and the averaged ice front as shown in Figure 8 where the theoretical radius is overlaid on to the averaged simulation ice cross-section.
Tissues were frozen in dry ice, serial cross sections (16 μm) were prepared using a cryostat, and collected on MAS-coated glass slides.
A variety of dissolved elements including sodium and potassium, which show up in trace amounts in Europa's atmosphere, and magnesium, which does not make their way from Europa's ocean to the moon's surface via geysers or through cracks in the ice (depicted in cross section, above).
In a heavy sea, the bergs' smooth wetted ice surfaces produce a low radar cross section.
In an attempt to understand the possible influence of particle shape and size on the stretching mode of the CO ice, they carried out a number of computational calculations in the Rayleigh regime, obtaining the absorption cross section for various single CO ice shapes (spheres, prolate, and oblate spheroids, rods, and disks).
Another popular piece was a radar cross section of the Greenland ice sheet by graduate student Michael Wolovick.
Continuing on recent developments in hockey and figure skates, he invented the narrow shape cross section (NSX), the first Mogema design for ice skates.
It's in there that the company inserts a cross section of a wing to test de-icing systems.
Using acoustic Doppler velocimetry, detailed three-dimensional velocity measurements were collected in a fully developed cross section of a rectangular flume under steady flow conditions with a symmetrical ice cover extending from both walls.
Teresi reports on an apparently unconscious patient who "could have been calculating the cross section of the bottom quark using Heisenberg's matrices, and no amount of ice water squirted into her ear would have detected it".
