In addition, these tests are conservative with regard to the effect of phylogenetic signal because the phylogenetic hypothesis used is resolved only to the family level (see Materials and Methods).
Rather, our new hypothesis, in which the incongruity is resolved by invoking LGT, is more favorable than the "standard" hypothesis assuming vertical GapC1 gene transfer in the chromalveolate host evolution.
Ambiguous information used for recognizing places is resolved with multiple hypothesis tracking and a selection procedure inspired by Markov localization.
Original to Kepler, however, and typical of his approach is the resoluteness with which he was convinced that the problem of equipollence of the astronomical hypotheses can be resolved and the consequent introduction of the concept of causality into astronomy – traditionally a mathematical science.
The six studies from the DEMS cohort of non-metal miners exposed to diesel exhaust (Coble et al., 2010; Stewart et al., 2010; Vermeulen et al., 2010a, b; Attfield et al., 2012; Silverman et al., 2012; Stewart et al., 2012) could potentially provide the best epidemiology-based test of the lung cancer-diesel hypothesis when the noted uncertainties are resolved.
The seeming contradiction of these results may best be resolved by the hypothesis that the anti-inflammatory regimen diminished some toxicity associated with uncontrolled immune responses (i.e., reduced harmful inflammation) while our pro-inflammatory combination promoted the robust generation of defense effectors (i.e., enhanced protective inflammation).
However, contrary to our expectations, there is no support for the hypothesis that shorter branches tend to be resolved in favor of mtDNA and longer branches in favor of nucDNA (see Additional File 1).
The discrepancy may at least in part be resolved by the hypothesis that the timing of BRCA1 methylation will influence tumour phenotype; the earlier in tumorigenesis methylation occurs, the greater the similarity to tumours arising from germline BRCA1 mutations.
High-resolution crystal structures of Nav channels in which sodium ions are resolved are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
