In microemulsion flooding, the reservoir is flooded with water containing a small percentage of surfactant and other additives such as hydrocarbon, medium-chain alcohol and brine.
The degradation of toluene by P. fluorescens was tested by incorporating different concentrations (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10%) of humic acids, extracted from peat moss, in a hydrocarbon degradation medium.
The final results were calculated with the respect to blank samples (hydrocarbon with medium, without microorganisms).
Inadequate time of extracting and vaporizing light and medium hydrocarbons caused low rate of mass transfer.
The higher pressure differential is caused by CO2 compression, which supplies opportunity of extraction of light and medium hydrocarbons from oil and dissolution of CO2 into the oil.
It is an aqueous highly functionalized, but essentially sulphur-free, mixture of light to medium hydrocarbons containing up to 30%% water.
After chemical analyses it was established that the final total quantity of polyaromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in medium was approximately 70 ng/ml.
However, it is widely accepted that the ideal biofuels are bio-hydrocarbons, especially the medium- to long-chain fatty alkanes or alkenes, because they highly mimic the chemical composition and physical characteristics of petroleum-based fuels [ 8- 10].
We have also isolated Pseudomonas toyotomiensis from a surface soil immersed in hydrocarbon-containing hot spring water using a medium containing hydrocarbon as the sole carbon source [ 20].
In Fig. 4, when air (0.038%) was introduced to the culture medium, the hydrocarbon content of B. braunii was approximately 36.7%, which was relatively low.
