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Here R represents the hydrocarbon chain.
Water solubility decreases exponentially with the addition of each carbon atom to the hydrocarbon chain.
When a hydrocarbon chain is connected as a substituent to a more fundamental structural unit, it is termed an alkyl group.
Biological fatty acids, members of the class of compounds known as carboxylic acids, are composed of a hydrocarbon chain with one terminal carboxyl group (COOH).
The melting temperatures of saturated fatty acids of biological interest are above 27 °C (81 °F) and rise with increasing length of the hydrocarbon chain.
With each CH2 group, for instance, more energy is required to order water molecules around the hydrocarbon chain of the fatty acid, which results in the hydrophobic effect.
Although the molecule as a whole is water-insoluble by virtue of its hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, the negatively charged carboxylate is hydrophilic.
In addition to the very common fatty acids with straight saturated or unsaturated acyl chains, many fatty acids are chemically modified by substituents on the hydrocarbon chain.
Alcohol, any of a class of organic compounds characterized by one or more hydroxyl (−OH) groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group (hydrocarbon chain).
hydrocarbon chain length, branched hydrocarbon chain, etc. [18, 31, 58].
The sharp peaks are due to the long hydrocarbon chain of oleic amine.
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