That deal was broken in July, when supporters of President Salva Kiir clashed once more with those of the opposition leader, former vice-president Riek Machar, leaving Uganda and Sudan to shoulder the bulk of the humanitarian fallout.
And if Border Patrol guards and the rugged elements seem to conspire unfairly against those who try to enter the US, there are a few people trying to address the humanitarian fallout from this rugged cat-and-mouse game.
UN data in September showed 2.6 million had fled to neighbouring countries, but regional governments are struggling to cope with the humanitarian and political fallout from one of the largest mass migrations in Latin American history.
From Appalachia to Illinois to Black Mesa in Arizona to Montana and the 20 coal-mined states, a health and humanitarian crisis from the lethal fallout of decades of mining continues to rage under the auspices of flawed regulatory measures, blatant disregard for civil rights, and media indifference.
"While humanitarians can help deal with the fallout, putting an end to this phenomenon will ultimately require a political solution involving both Luanda and Kinshasa," she says, referring to the governments of Angola and Congo.But bad relations between the two have made this impossible.
MSF operates worldwide, but in the past 12 months has stepped up humanitarian operations in Europe due to the fallout from the refugee crisis.
Should there be a flood of refugees, humanitarian agencies will undoubtedly have to deal with the political fallout, and that can be dicey.
WASHINGTON — Tensions deepened between Turkey and Israel on Friday, and a new fissure threatened to open between the United States and Israel, as the three countries continued to deal with the fallout from Israel's deadly raid on a humanitarian aid flotilla off Gaza.
I spoke to Thierry Goffeau, Chief of Mission for MSF's operation in North Kivu, about the humanitarian situation in the region and how MSF is dealing with the fallout from the recent fighting.
The past has shown us that humanitarian acts, if not carefully orchestrated and vetted, have the potential to yield unanticipated fallout.
There is growing instability in the Sahel region, fuelled by the Arab Spring, the Libya fallout and increasing activities of Al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb and Boko Haram, all compounding the humanitarian needs of children and women in the region.
