Many current efforts aimed at climate change impact assessment and adaptation planning focus on water availability for both human populations and ecological systems (e.g. Trnka et al. 2012; Parmesan 2006).
Differential exposure to mixtures of environmental agents, including biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial stressors, can contribute to increased vulnerability of human populations and ecologic systems.
Human populations and ecologic systems are commonly exposed to a diverse and dynamic mixture of biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial stressors as part of their everyday existence.
Taking advantage of expression-profiling surveys performed in extended human populations [ 171- 174], systems biologists have started integrating physiopathology, network biology and DNA variations [ 175- 177], providing novel insights into the mechanisms of various diseases, such as diabetes [ 178] and obesity [ 179].
Yet, the language of risk permeates the entirety of the literatures on the interactions of volcanic systems and human populations.
These data, from affected human populations and laboratory rodent model systems, have provided much of the basic scientific literature for arguing adverse health effects in human populations exposed to EDCs (Markey et al. 2003; McLachlan 2001).
Substantial data have been generated during the last 5 years in experimental systems and human populations which shed light on the potential usefulness of biological markers in human cancer risk assessment.
Urbanization has brought about dramatic changes in the urban environment in China and its associated human population and transportation systems in recent years.
Dr. William W. Fitzhugh, the exhibition's principal curator, said that as travelers and traders the Vikings were "catalysts that transformed European societies," and as explorers they took the first steps to "reconnect human populations into a single global system".
Particularly for parasite-associated systems, many of the microorganisms carried by these vertebrates are considered primary candidates for spillover into human populations [8], [13], [14] so these systems are of medical and public health concern.
