Despite huge efforts seeking for speciation-related incompatibilities in the past several decades, a general understanding of how genetic incompatibility evolves in affecting hybrid fitness is not available, primarily due to the fact that the number of known incompatibilities is small.
Speciation is fundamental to the process of generating the huge diversity of life on Earth.
In addition, our study enables more detailed work on oral sexual pheromones and their role in speciation in parasitoids, for a better understanding of the huge biodiversity in this group.
The elucidation of the mechanisms of speciation in East African cichlid assemblages is complicated by the huge dimensions of the lakes and their cichlid fish radiations, their habitat diversity and the difficulty in reconstructing species relationships, particularly among the extremely young species of lakes Victoria and Malawi [ 30- 32, 49].
However, there are two good reasons for suspecting that the importance of niche shifts for speciation is overestimated: First, there has been a huge--most likely disproportionate--interest in the intriguing possibility that host-associated speciation in insect herbivores could occur in sympatry, i.e., without geographical isolation [ 4, 13, 27, 58].
Another opening provided by the huge rise in Caenorhabditis species and strain collections is the ability to study reproductive isolation and speciation mechanisms in this group (Woodruff et al., 2010; Kiontke et al., 2011; Dey et al., 2012).
Moreover, insects display a huge variety of structural, physiological, and behavioral adaptations (Grimaldi and Engel 2005), resulting in high rates of speciation, diversification, and adaptation.
These results will enable more detailed work on oral sexual pheromones to answer the question of how they are involved in the speciation process of L. distinguendus and other parasitoid species, for a better understanding of the huge biodiversity in this group.
"Speciation is a dynamic process.
"Probably warming is good for speciation.
