In the Rotterdam Scan study on elderly patients with no history of stroke, conducted by MRI for 4.2 years, the proportional HR of stroke occurrence after adjustment of comorbid factors was 4.7 (95% CI 2.0 to 11.2) in PVH and 3.6 (CI 1.4 to 9.2) in DSWMH.
Non-smoking participants who lived with a smoker had a HR for CHD of 1.33 (95% CI 0.82 to 2.15) and a HR for stroke of 0.53 (95% CI 0.25 to 1.16) compared with those not living with a smoker, adjusted for age, gender and region.
RESULTS In men and women without a prior history of diabetes, multivariate adjusted HRs for stroke mortality corresponding to a 1-SD increase in FPG were 1.02 (95% CI 0.83 1.25) and 1.52 (1.22–1.88) and those in 2-h plasma glucose 1.21 (1.06–1.38) and 1.31 (1.06–1.61), respectively.
Never-smoking participants who lived with a smoker compared with those who did not live with a smoker had an age, gender and region adjusted HR for CHD of 2.17 (95% CI 0.97 to 4.84) strengthening to 2.41 (95% CI 1.04 to 5.59) on full adjustment, and a fully adjusted HR for stroke of 0.69 (95% CI 0.16 to 2.94).
Active smokers, when compared with the same reference group (non-smokers with cotinine ≤0.05 ng/ml) had a HR for stroke of 1.13 (95% CI 0.60 to 2.13), reducing to 1.03 (95% CI 0.52 to 2.04) after adjustment (equivalent to model 3 in table 3).
We measured LAB of more than 2,000 healthy subjects in a community-based cohort study [ 141].During the 11-year follow-up period, the hazard ratio (HR) of ischemic stroke was highest in the highest LAB quartile with statistical significance.
Diastolic hypertension 90 99 mm Hg, corresponding to grade 1, was significantly associated with increased risk of stroke (HR 1.41, CI 1.00 to 1.97) as was grade 2 hypertension 100 109 mm Hg (HR 1.65, CI 1.02 to 2.67) and grade 3 hypertension ≥110 mm Hg (HR 2.02, CI 1.05 to 3.89).
In this analysis ongoing OAC was associated with reduced risk of stroke (HR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.90, p=0.02).
There was a significant association between CHADS2 score and the development of stroke (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.22 to 1.64, p<0.001).
In univariate analysis with time-dependent variables, patients treated with OAC had a reduced risk of stroke (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.91, p=0.02).
