Fourteen distinct calpains have been identified in humans, however the best characterized are the ubiquitous Calpain1 (µ-Calpain) and Calpain2 (m-Calpain).
In animal models, however, the best characterized pathway of calcium oxalate crystal-induced inflammation involves NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated mechanisms, leading to direct injury to tubular cells, neutrophil recruitment, tubulointerstitial inflammation and progressive renal failure [ 15, 24].
However, one of the best characterized human maternally imprinted diseases is Prader-Willi syndrome [6],[7], which is usually caused by microdeletions within a maternally imprinted domain [6].
Among the three mammalian isoforms, dynamin 1 and dynamin 2 are the best characterized; however, despite extensive studies, the molecular mechanism by which dynamin participates in any of these processes is still a matter of debate [15].
Enteric glia differ from non-myelinating Schwann cells (Gershon and Rothman, 1991); however, they are the best characterized visceral glia and may have common functional pathways with other visceral glia.
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis represents the best characterized endocytic pathway, however a number of clathrin-independent endocytic routes, in particular raft-dependent pathways, have recently come under intense scrutiny.
These are best characterized by immunofluorescence; however, this was not performed in our index case.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, however, represent the most likely and best characterized sources for the autophagosomal membrane.
However, the organization of these repeats within genomes and transcriptomes, even in the best characterized organisms including human, remains unclear.
However, CVA and SF capture local aspects of temporal variability, and are thus best characterized as spectro-temporal quantities.
