Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast of 12 hours for determination of hemoglobin, complete blood profile, HbA1c, blood urea and creatinine, liver function, and lipid profile, all of which were measured using standard techniques.
Tramadol 10 mg was given intravenously, and serum was taken at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 hours for determination of concentrations of tramadol ([tramadol]) and its two main metabolites.
Therefore, we took three value pairs per parameter for each patient with a one-hour difference (9-10, 10-11 and 14-15 hours) for determination of the type of scatter and the one-hour coefficient of repeatability.
SAEs with a causality classification of "very likely/certain", "probable" or "possible" are reported to the Chair of the DSMB within 24 hours of their determination and the medication is withdrawn immediately, although the child will still remain in the trial.
A 500 µl aliquot of each culture was obtained every 6 hours for determination of OD600.
Subsamples of freeze-dried sediments were combusted at 550°C for 2 hours for determination of loss on ignition [41].
As part of a study of drug metabolism, 72 consented critically ill adults received IV 10mg tramadol bolus at t= 0. Serum was collected prior to injection and at 4 hours for determination of serum tramadol and tramadol metabolite concentration by HPLC/MS/MS.
Cell culture supernatants were collected after 24 hours and 48 hours for determination of the IL-6 level, as previously described [ 9].
Culture supernatants from LNC cultured with or without 4 μg/ml zymosan were harvested after 72 hours for determination of interferon (IFN -γ levels.
Blood samples were taken at 0800 hours for determination of the ESR (Westergren), CRP (latex immunoturbidimetry), lipids (enzymatic colorimetry), plasma glucose, and serum insulin (DPC, Dipesa, Los Angeles, CA, USA).
