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Fig. 1 Calculated hourly baseline values (blue) with λ = 0.5, pseudo-observed values (red) and functionally defined hourly baselines (green) for the X (first plot), Y (second plot) and Z (third plot) components of the EMF.

Figure 5 demonstrates the comparison between the daily baselines calculated according to the classical method using the smoothing spline interpolation (X0), the hourly baselines obtained by the algorithm described in the paper (nX 0 h ), the daily baselines calculated by averaging the hourly values nX 0 h (nX 0 d ) and the observed baseline values (spot).

The obtained hourly baseline values are marked with blue.

The control signal for the PEESS loads is calculated as Open image in new window Fig. 14 Hourly baseline loads P_{text{Sig}} = P_{f} - P_{f}^{text{Baseline}} (11).

Let us remind that we use the grid (S) step 0.25 nT for calculating hourly baseline values (see "Validation of the method on synthetic data" section), whereas INTERMAGNET requires daily values.

The baseline according to the classical method with the use of the smoothing spline interpolation is marked with red (X0), the hourly baseline values obtained by the described algorithm are marked with blue (nX 0 h ), the daily values calculated by averaging the hourly values nX 0 h are marked with green (nX 0 d ), and the observed baseline values are marked with light-blue circles (spot).

Values were registered hourly after baseline for 6 hours, after which all surviving piglets were killed by an intravenous overdose of potassium chloride.

Arterial blood gases were obtained from the arterial catheter at baseline, hourly during the LPS infusion, and at the end of the normoxic, hyperoxic and hypoxic interventions, both at baseline and after LPS.

Rectal temperature was measured at baseline, hourly during the LPS infusion, and at six hours, that is, two hours after cessation of the infusion.

Arterial and central venous blood gas analyses were performed by intermittent blood sampling and co-oximetry (IL Synthesis, Instrumentation Laboratory®, Lexington, MA, USA) 10 minutes before surgery (baseline), hourly throughout surgery and until discharge from the post-acute care unit (PACU).

Blood samples for white blood cell counts were obtained from the arterial catheter at baseline, hourly during the LPS infusion, and two hours after cessation of the infusion (at six hours) and were determined by an automated analyser (Sysmex XE-2100, SysmEuropeope GmbH, Hamburg, Germany).