This suggests that the Asx phenotype was evidence of host limitation of influenza virus infection rather than a failed inoculation.
Also, since xopAF is the other putative effector gene, its effect on host limitation was further characterized by pathogenicity and growth assays of XcawΔ xopAF and XcawΔ avrGf1Δ xopAF.
Bark beetles face challenges and trade-offs during host selection, imposed by lethal tree defences, lower nutrition and higher competition in less well-defended trees, scarcity and ephemeral distribution of susceptible hosts, limitation of suitable hosts to one beetle generation, and relatively short lifespan and vulnerability of adults during host searching.
Electron microscopists traditionally relied on film to capture their data, but that method came with a host of limitations.
Currently available replacements have a host of limitations, this has prompted the search for tissue-engineered solutions for ACL repair.
Although these preliminary efforts have demonstrated varying degrees of success, our present studies suffer from a host of limitations that hinder the strength of their conclusions and the generalizability of their results.
While the need remains the same during summer vacation, government programs aren't able to effectively reach families due to a host of limitations.
However, even exhaustive laboratory work-up is prone to a host of limitations and challenges that must be considered and addressed.
This, in turn, can create host resource limitations that restrict circuit function (e.g. by preventing optimal expression of an enzyme).
Translations of all additional study materials (information sheets and consent forms), prepared using standard back translation methods [ 23] were provided in Farsi and Sorani (Kurdish dialect), as well as English, to ensure ethical standards were maintained and to help overcome reticence to participate due to host language limitations [ 14].
