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Given the U-shape of most pangenome distributions, this would imply that many horizontally introduced pangenes rise to high frequencies, but almost never to intermediate frequencies.
Thus, it is most likely that the progenitor elements of these MITEs might have been horizontally introduced into the ancestor of lepidopteran insects and MITEs were generated within the ancestor genome.
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Aluminium-shafted, cotton-tipped swabs (Disposable Products, Australia) were introduced horizontally into the nasal cavity 8-10 cm or until resistance was encountered.
The presence of both classes suggests either that they were present in the diatom common ancestor and that the CoDi1-3 groups became extinct in the lineage leading to the centric species T. pseudonana, or that representatives of each group have been separately introduced horizontally in pennate and centric diatoms.
The simulated north south gradients in the control run were thus caused by a horizontally inhomogeneous CN distribution introduced by aerosol downscaling.
These findings suggest that horizontally transferred genes are introduced and retained preferentially at central positions of the metabolism of E. coli.
As a supplementary explanation we propose that horizontally transferred enzymes are introduced preferentially at central positions of the metabolic network of E. coli.
To determine whether SesR2 was introduced along with its horizontally acquired neighboring genes into Salmonella, we searched the IGRs downstream of the stbE gene in several enterobacterial genomes, but could not detect homologous sRNAs (fig. 2).
However, if the DNA sequence of the gene is present in many additional genomes from the same species, then this sequence was clearly not truly introduced into that species horizontally.
Renegade set the standard for future beat 'em up games as it introduced the ability to move both horizontally and vertically.
In a story that may be apocryphal, but I hope not, a French President, upon being introduced to tango, said, "In France, we do it horizontally".
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