Horizontal social networks in society - like for example athletic, cooperative, or neighbourhood associations - promote mutual norms and facilitate communication and the exchange of information [ 10, 12, 13].
The democratization of the globe continued: vertical democratization took place within societies and horizontal democratization developed further in the international community.
Paris is still a class-stratified society — "It's horizontal, whereas Montreal is vertical," Aymeric Pasquier explained — so unwritten rules of privilege have allowed secrecy to surround the event.
Hacker described the value of a higher education as the horizontal line that divides American society.
Modern technology is one big reason, and two very powerful forces are now rapidly altering the dynamics of self-versus-society – monofocus and the transfer of allegiance from vertical societies to more fluid, horizontal groups.
International donors also need to expand their efforts to assist these institutions of horizontal accountability as well as initiatives in civil society that monitor the conduct of government and press for institutional reform.
In this hierarchy of systems (e.g., biochemicals to organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organism, family, community, society), there is both vertical and horizontal interaction.
Horizontal equity is non-discriminative towards certain groups in society to give them equal access to care as other groups with the same needs.
But in modern society, identity and authority have become much more horizontal: people feel freer to choose who they are and to form relationships on a plane of equality.
