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While authority and responsibility are important, projects are horizontal organizations.
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One problem with horizontal organization is that there's no easy way for outsiders to know what's happening, though you can go to nycga.net or occupywallst.org for limited information.
The first 10 years of my career I found that getting people to think differently, and moving from what I call a vertical organization to a horizontal organization, was transformational.
The horizontal organization, New York, Oxford University Press; Schonberger (1996).
While modularity represents the horizontal organization of the cell, living systems also present vertical organization (Cheng and Hu 2010).
The Horizontal Organization (HO) has been proposed as a method that draws on ideas from marketing, production, organizational behaviour and human resource management.
These are Ostroff (1999) The Horizontal Organization, New York, Oxford University Press; Schonberger (1996) World Class Manufacturing: The Next Decade, New York, The Free Press; and Galbraith (2005) Designing the Customer-centric Organization: a Guide to Strategy, Structure and Process, San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.
The great thing about the global Internet (while we still have it) is that it facilitates cross-border, horizontal organization that can serve as a counterbalance to the hierarchical instincts of regulators and policy makers who are still learning how the Internet works.
"By promoting a horizontal organization through networks that integrate basic and clinical researchers, the time needed for new knowledge to be transferred and actually applied to medical practice will be shortened," says hepatologist Juan Rodés, director of the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, a high-profile research institute in Barcelona.
Surprisingly, the (vertically) disorganized cortex maintains a precise retinotopic (horizontal) organization.
Ablated mice had the same patterns of vertical and horizontal organization of GPT neurons as control mice.
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