It is to note that national competition authorities have not challenged the typical commercial practices of cooperatives as potentially anti-competitive horizontal cooperation among individual producers.
Now that business schools use the participle form, stovepiping, in derogation of managers who fail to look around, the question arises: what do rising managers call horizontal cooperation that avoids direction from the top?
For example, Brazil promotes horizontal cooperation in which partners work as equals to achieve mutually agreed development goals (Quadir 2013 324).
As horizontal logistics cooperation among shippers is a new and powerful approach to optimize cost structures, this publication deals with the conceptual design and the organizational aspects of horizontal cooperation.
We consider that a vertical cooperation between the supplier and the set of firms is already set, using periodic individual contracts, and we investigate the profitability of a horizontal cooperation between firms when designing collaborative contracts.
In same vein, Fahimul Quadir (2013) finds that overseas development agenda of Southern donors are motivated by national self-interest and priorities and concludes that their commitment to horizontal cooperation does not move beyond rhetoric (Quadir 2013: 335).
New mechanisms for horizontal cooperation are being progressed that use the Vision 2050 and Strategy 2030 as a safe space to cultivate the "people coherence" that is necessary for progressing a whole-of-society vision through a whole-of-government agenda that anticipates a fundamental shift in the future of work.
South-South or horizontal cooperation and partnerships with sub-regional organizations will continue to build on the progress made.
This implies breaking down the vertical organization of sectors and stimulating horizontal cooperation in favor of children's well-being, particularly in education and health.
Through horizontal cooperation like this one, we are also making horizontal shifts forward for all premature children in our countries", said UNICEF Croatia Head of Office Valentina Otmacic in her opening remarks.
