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As with nontandemly repeated DNA, there is a paradox in that the more rapid gene conversion is, the more difficult it becomes to detect conversion events involving duplicated microsatellites, because the process will tend to homogenize the two copies.
As few as eight 1-kb regularly-distributed inversions (see Methods) would be sufficient to homogenize the two strands of the 16.6-kb mtDNA and create intra-strand parity (Fig. 2D).
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On the other hand, if gene conversion homogenized the two paralogous sequences, the phylogenetic pattern among the quartet genes would become a type-C tree in Figure 2A.
In non-human catarrhines, genetic variation affecting the color vision phenotype is reported to be absent or rare in both L and M opsin genes, despite the suggestion that gene conversion has homogenized the two genes.
The GRAPPA-IR algorithm was developed to account for the inverted repeat (IR) region found in most plastid genomes The IR region seems to evolve at a slower rate in both nucleotide sequence and gene order than the single copy regions [ 50], and frequent intra-molecular recombination homogenizes the two copies [ 6, 51].
We rather showed that the cytoplasmic diversity tends to be homogenized across the four members of the Cx.
On the other hand, the intra-molecular recombination process should homogenize the sequences of the two IRs and thus the particular IR size and the gene content are maintained.
Among the 39 Dutch half-sib families, only the 24 largest (more than 30 progeny) were retained in the present analysis in order to homogenize the family structure of the two pedigrees.
This finding suggests that secondary insults occur in both primary brain-injured and non-brain-injured patients, homogenizing these two subgroups in terms of central conduction times.
The training set for every single NN is generated by combining data measured simultaneously with the two sensors to be homogenized.
One surprising aspect of the current study was that larger differences in cellulosomal genes were not observed at the level of transcription for the two biomasses, which may be a reflection of the pretreatment procedure efficiently homogenizing the carbohydrate components of the two biomasses.
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