Self-template routes by Kirkendall effect and Ostwald ripening have also been applied to realize hollowing process [14 17].
During the cord hollowing process, these apical membrane compartments are brought together via cell rearrangements and extensive junctional remodeling, resulting in lumen coalescence and formation of a multicellular tube.
During the solid hollowing process, because the outer crystallites were loosely packed and/or with smaller crystallite size, crystallites located on the outermost surface of V2O3 SnO2 solid nanospheres would serve as starting points for the subsequent recrystallization process, that is, Ostwald ripening firstly took place at the surface of these solid nanospheres.
Unicellular tubes form their lumen through membrane invagination and transcellular cell hollowing, whereas multicellular vessels become lumenized through a chord hollowing process.
A hollow extrusion process by varying pocket geometry in welding chamber and bearing length to obtain a uniform material flow is studied.
There is a flow diversion surface with zero speed in forming the cylindrical hollow billet process, in which the material flows inwards inside the radius of the shunt circle and outwards outside the shunt circle (Ghassemali et al. 2013; Wu et al. 2014).
The bad news was that this "hollowing out" process took about 400 years.
(The advantage of solid casting is that the mold can be used repeatedly, whereas in the hollow-casting process the mold is destroyed).
That means a big reduction in truly affordable social rented housing, which will continue the hollowing out process in inner London as the poor are forced to the outer suburbs and beyond.
Michael Spence, a professor at N.Y.U.'s Stern School of Business, and David Autor, an economist at M.I.T., have argued that this "hollowing out" process is a result of twin upheavals: globalization and the hyper-acceleration of technological progress.
