Electron microscopy of the tripartite RuvAB-Holliday junction complex showed that RuvA binds to the crossover while RuvB forms two hexameric rings encompassing dsDNA on each side, so that the Holliday junction adopts a square-planar structure [ 85].
Holliday defines a complex material as solid made by physically combining two or more existing materials to produce a multi-phase system with different physical properties to the starting materials.
The CH34 genome carries the genes encoding the Holliday-junction protein complex RuvAB, the resolvase RuvC, a dsDNA exonuclease SbcD, and the mismatch-repair proteins MutS and MutL.
Robin Holliday defined epigenetics as the study of the mechanisms of temporal and spatial control of gene activity during the development of complex organisms (Holliday 1990).
The result, filmed like an archival video, is a meticulously detailed imagining of the shoot, especially in Waters's uncanny, electrifying impersonation of Holliday, as well as a complex and anguished view of the power relations, societal conflicts, and cruel sacrifices from which Clarke's film arose.
For example, induction of CDC5, the polo-like kinase in budding yeast, in ndt80∆ arrested cells is sufficient for Holliday junction resolution and synaptonemal complex disassembly (Sourirajan and Lichten 2008).
GEN1 is a member of the FANCP/SLX4 complex involved in Holliday junction resolution [ 27], and in conjunction with PRDM9 and the FA genes identified here, could be contributing to genomic instability in the sibs.
Cleavage can occur also through interaction of the translocating restriction enzyme complex with a Holliday junction, a single-strand gap, a single-strand nick, or a long branch (Fig. 2B; see Section 8).
RuvA is part of a protein complex RuvAB that resolves Holliday junctions and is essential for recombinational repair of DNA lesions, whereas RecG is a DNA translocase that also catalyses branch migration of Holliday junctions like RuvAB but through a different mechanism [38].
As RuvAB complex may catalyze both Holliday junction branch migration and replication fork reversal [ 31, 32], the occurrence of their genes may not precisely reflect the Holliday junction resolution trait.
