The assay that we describe below may therefore offer a relatively holistic index of overall immune activation.
In the decision theory approach, various dimensions of health are weighted in order to provide a single holistic index of QOL.
The significance of the WQI can be appreciated as the water resources play a crucial role in the overall environment and this index has also been recognized as one of the 25 environmental performance indicators of the holistic Environmental Performance Index (EPI).
This test included 12 representative harmonic complex tone pairs with varying parameters of pitch and timbre (i.e. number, height and frequency of harmonics), which were derived from an extensive psychoacoustic test battery previously published [1] and allowed separation of dominant holistic (sound perception index δ<0) from spectral (δ≥0) listeners (see Materials and Methods for details).
Furthermore, the tasks used to demonstrate object-based attention and those, such as the composite-face effect, used to index holistic face perception bear some striking similarities (Kramer & Jacobson, 1991; Richard et al., 2008).
That is, studies with a classical composite face illusion stimulus (top and bottom face halves) often use response time to index holistic processing because response accuracy measures are often not sensitive enough (e.g., de Heering & Rossion, 2008; Wang, Li et al., 2012).
In a similar vein, in the composite-face task used to index holistic processing, participants are asked to make a judgment about a target (top or bottom face part), while ignoring an adjacent distractor (the other, task-irrelevant part of the face).
Disruption of the perceptual grouping of face parts may facilitate an observer's ability to selectively process the task-relevant part in the composite-face task, reducing indices of holistic face perception.
In this way, perceptual cues discouraging the grouping of face parts may serve to similarly disrupt the employment of object-based attention, facilitating participants' ability to selectively attend to the task-relevant face part, resulting in a decrease in indices of holistic processing.
Conserving the environment is part of Bhutan's "gross happiness index," a holistic measure of quality of life there.
This early emotion effect, indexing rapid holistic processing of faces [ 31], however, disappeared with age (absent after 7 years old) along with age-related decreases in P1 amplitude and latency.
