Exact(9)
The micro structural characteristics of the hole surfaces under various fiber directions, ultrasonic amplitudes and spindle speeds were analyzed.
Observations of machined hole regions revealed more severe damage on the CD hole surfaces with larger damage regions penetrating into the material.
Tube-to-tubesheet joint strength is measured in terms of residual contact pressure between the tube's outer surface and the tubesheet hole surfaces.
Deposition parameters that have great influences on hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) diamond films growth on inner hole surfaces of WC Co substrates mainly include the substrate temperature (t), carbon content, total pressure (p) and total mass flow (F).
The Ti → CFRP drilling strategy promotes higher quality of the machined hole surfaces (e.g., more consistent hole diameters and much better surface finish) with lower Ti burr extents, while the CFRP → Ti drilling strategy reduces only the induced delamination.
Based on the traditional deposition technique with the filament through the hole (DTFTH), the growth of high-quality diamond films on inner hole surfaces, especially those with small apertures, is rather difficult and laborious.
Similar(51)
Moreover, the cracking at rail-ends, which starts from bolt hole surface, causes premature rails replacement.
Based on above analyses, initiation of hole surface damages and damage formation mechanisms are further discussed.
Below, it is formulated in a concomitant reference frame moving on the bore hole surface constraining the DS transformation.
Measurement errors by the program ImageJ that has to distinguish between the plane surface and the hole surface gain importance for smaller holes.
The method will give the possibility to reduce the zone of the hole surface subject to negligible residual radial stresses, obtaining also compressive residual circumferential stresses on the entire hole surface.
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