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Moreover, the cracking at rail-ends, which starts from bolt hole surface, causes premature rails replacement.
Based on above analyses, initiation of hole surface damages and damage formation mechanisms are further discussed.
And for one-shot drill bit, it is the secondary cutting edge that directly determines hole surface quality.
The method will give the possibility to reduce the zone of the hole surface subject to negligible residual radial stresses, obtaining also compressive residual circumferential stresses on the entire hole surface.
In these cases, the filling level of the via hole and the planarity of the dielectric polymer at the via hole surface was improved compared to via holes that were filled by inkjet printing.
It is found that even with a very coarse mesh, the present BEM can predict the hoop stress very accurately along the hole surface.
Similar(23)
Observations of machined hole regions revealed more severe damage on the CD hole surfaces with larger damage regions penetrating into the material.
The micro structural characteristics of the hole surfaces under various fiber directions, ultrasonic amplitudes and spindle speeds were analyzed.
Tube-to-tubesheet joint strength is measured in terms of residual contact pressure between the tube's outer surface and the tubesheet hole surfaces.
The Ti → CFRP drilling strategy promotes higher quality of the machined hole surfaces (e.g., more consistent hole diameters and much better surface finish) with lower Ti burr extents, while the CFRP → Ti drilling strategy reduces only the induced delamination.
For the GSL to work, the resulting increase in the black-hole surface area (entropy) must compensate for the loss of the box's entropy.
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