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Finally, subjects conducted a maximum voluntary inspiratory breath hold maneuver.
Next, we tested the effects of cell signaling inhibitors that are known to play a significant role in HBSM cell mechanotransduction during a prolonged stretch and hold maneuver [13] [15].
Moreover, when cells are subjected to a stretch and hold maneuver, the traction forces and CSK stiffness become elevated and largely sustained, although followed by stress relaxation processes that are quite slow [7], [16].
Similarly, end-expiratory airway, esophageal, and gastric pressures were recorded after an end-expiratory hold maneuver.
Plateau pressure was measured as the pressure achieved at the end of a 5-second end-inspiratory hold maneuver.
PEEPI is the lowest average alveolar pressure achieved during the respiratory cycle and is obtained by an end-expiratory hold maneuver (Fig. 6).
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Four 12-second inspiratory hold maneuvers were applied using ventilator plateau pressures of 5, 15, 25 and 35 cm H2O as previously reported [20].
We previously showed that end-inspiratory hold maneuvers rapidly decrease preload, thus allowing the measurement of Ees [ 11].
Effect of a tongue holding maneuver on posterior pharyngeal wall movement during deglutition.
There were no significant complications during the breath-holding maneuver.
MFV was thoroughly monitored and recorded at the end of the 30-s breath-holding maneuver [9 11].
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