Such matching might arise for four different reasons: (i) local adaptation due to multi-generational history of selection on genetic polymorphisms, (ii) selective mortality within generations, (iii) individual-level choice of matching habitat patches [ 36], and (iv) developmental plasticity of body colouration to match local conditions [ 14].
This difference probably reflects the distinct origin and history of selection of the two lines with lower dTI, DD (not selected on dTI) and STI (selected for short dTI) which were used to start the two AIL populations in crosses with Line LTI (selected for long dTI).
It may reflect the history of selection in the population of landraces and their geographic origins.
Since it has never been desired before, it has no history of selection and so no content on its first occurrence, on that style of theory.
Those who favor teleological theories of content usually favor an etiological theory of functions, according to which an item's function is determined by its history of selection or by past selection of things of that type.
Neander and Rosenberg (forthcoming) respond that the function of a trait and its function-specific type co-supervene on the history of selection and that there is only a superficial appearance of circularity.
An evaluation of sameness due to common ancestry is made separately from the role the function plays (or its use), whether understood in terms of a causal role, a fitness advantage, or a history of selection.[19] Activity-functions can be put to different uses while being shared via common descent (i.e., homologous).
The majority of base substitution differences were non-synonymous (dN/dS = 19.6) (Fig. 3), which implies a history of selection for changes in protein sequence.
Quantitative genetics theory predicts lower heritabilities for males and females to reflect past history of selection if it has been strong enough to erode additive genetic variance with less current heritability for the sex having been under the strongest selection.
Species-specific transmission suggests a history of selection for the maintenance of certain bacteria over evolutionary time, and vertical transmission of specific symbionts is often reflected by highly co-evolved host-symbiont phylogenies [36].
